Erdoğan’s abstract enemies: parallel organization and superior mind

Prof. Mumtazer Turkone
Prof. Mumtazer Turkone


Date posted: January 5, 2015

Totalitarian regimes rely on their ability to manufacture enemies. In his New Year message, President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan referred to a host of “external enemies” and “traitors.” The ruling party characterizes these traitors as the “parallel organization” and “superior mind.” The phrases “parallel state” and “Pennsylvania organization” are used synonymously with the “parallel organization” as well. These phrases offer a comforting luxury. As they are abstract characterizations and no one takes any offense from them, they give Erdoğan and the media outlets at his disposal the opportunity to shadow box.

These concepts are extremely abstract. There is no judicial investigation in which these concepts are used. These vague and abstract concepts are used solely with the intention of spreading pro-government propaganda and intimidating the opposition. This propaganda has grown utterly ridiculous at times. Recently, the pro-government Sabah daily accused the parallel organization of causing meat prices to rise. The news report that claimed that the concept of the “parallel organization” was added to the Red Book — a national security document in which major threats against the nation are listed — during the last meeting of the National Security Council (MGK) had propagated another myth conjured up based on this abstract accusation.

The Sabah and Habertürk dailies reported it with conflicting information that apparently came from the same source. This indicates that they are being made a tool in the ruling party’s propaganda.

The second term used in conjunction with the phrase “parallel organization” is “superior mind,” which refers to a more powerful and more inclusive enemy. Anyone who opposes to the ruling Justice and Development Party (AK Party) has a role in this superior mind. Thus, Erdoğan places Israel, which he refers to as “our southern neighbor,” as well as Turkey’s leading businessmen into this category.

The trials for Ergenekon — a clandestine organization nested within the state trying to overthrow or manipulate the democratically elected government– and Balyoz (Sledgehammer) — a suspected coup plot believed to have been devised in 2003 with the aim of unseating the AK Party government through violent acts — was the work of these enemies. In this way, Erdoğan has found new allies. And he can ward off the graft and bribery investigations that went public on Dec. 17 and 25, 2013 as the parallel organization’s attempted coup against his government. He believes he can be exonerated with this defense.

Like the Soviet propaganda of the Cold War era, these abstract, vague and obscure enemies are used to cover up the ruling party’s corrupt practices and errors. A comparison between what Erdoğan said about the Ergenekon and Balyoz trials in the past and what he is currently saying about them reveals who has changed and to what extent and who is trying to ally with whom. The totalitarian state in George Orwell’s dystopian novel, “1984,” which uses the propaganda machinery to attack old friends and befriend old enemies, is alive in Turkey.

Given this picture, one can understand why the ruling party is desperately trying to silence the Zaman daily and the Samanyolu TV network, which can neutralize the state-backed propaganda machine effectively. The only force that can render ineffective the baseless or unfounded propaganda of the totalitarian state is the free press. Those who have been making the media outlets at their disposal run all sorts of news reports about the so-called parallel organization for about one year were ultimately only able to find a script of a soap opera and two news reports to prove the existence of this organization. The attacks on the free press have demonstrated that the “parallel organization” propaganda is actually unfounded.

The path Erdoğan is walking on is getting narrower. Erdoğan represents four errors in the four critical issues for Turkey: a preference for the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) over the European Union, the parasitic contracting sector that clings like a leech to the country’s economy, the tactical distractions regarding the Kurdish issue and the increased unlawfulness that seeks to cover up corruption.

For veiling such gross errors, he needs to secure a strong media backing and silence critical media. Furthermore, he needs enemies. The abstract and fuzzy enemies like the parallel organization and the superior mind can no longer fit to this role.

Source: Today's Zaman , January 04, 2015


Related News

Islamic scholar Gülen files libel case against PM Erdoğan

Gülen’s lawyer Nurullah Albayrak said on Monday that Erdoğan moved beyond borders of freedom of expression and used excessively harsh insults against the Islamic scholar. Gülen is demanding TL 100,000 in compensation for the allegedly denigrating remarks.

Pakistan – Staff expelled from Turkish-backed schools on Erdogan’s demand

Amnesty South Asia Director Champa Patel: “With 24 million Pakistani children out of school, Pakistan’s decision to expel teachers from the Pak-Turk International Schools and Colleges will only hurt Pakistan’s children. What the country needs is more classrooms and more teachers, not a politically-motivated decision to purge educators at the behest of the Turkish government.”

Scapegoating: Turkish PM again blames Gülen movement for worsening economy

As the Turkish lira plunged even further on Friday, Prime Minister Binali Yıldırım claimed the Gülen movement was responsible for the deterioration in the country’s economic outlook. According to Yıldırım, “separatists” and sympathizers of the Gülen movement are working hard to ruin the Turkish economy in the eyes of the world.

Hate speech creates new opportunities for Hizmet movement

The effects of the ruling party’s persistent hate speech against the Hizmet movement on non- Hizmet groups can be examined by dividing the groups into two categories: conservative groups and other groups.

Ergenekon opinion lists subversive plans for coup d’état

A lead prosecutor involved in the trial of the Ergenekon terrorist organization listed in his final opinion of the case several plots by the terrorist group to spark chaos in society so as to lay the groundwork for a military coup. One such plan was the Action Plan to Fight Reactionaryism, which detailed a military campaign to destroy the image of the ruling AK Party and the faith-based Gulen movement in the eyes of the public.

Gulen-linked body condemns attempted Turkey coup

For more than 40 years, Fethullah Gulen and Hizmet participants have advocated for, and demonstrated their commitment to, peace and democracy. We have consistently denounced military interventions in domestic politics. These are core values of Hizmet participants. We condemn any military intervention in domestic politics of Turkey.

Latest News

Turkish inmate jailed over alleged Gülen links dies of heart attack in prison

Message of Condemnation and Condolences for Mass Shooting at Bondi Beach, Sydney

Media executive Hidayet Karaca marks 11th year in prison over alleged links to Gülen movement

ECtHR faults Turkey for convictions of 2,420 applicants over Gülen links in follow-up to 2023 judgment

New Book Exposes Erdoğan’s “Civil Death Project” Targeting the Hizmet Movement

European Human Rights Treaty Faces Legal And Political Tests

ECtHR rejects Turkey’s appeal, clearing path for retrials in Gülen-linked cases

Erdoğan’s Civil Death Project’ : The ‘politicide’ spanning more than a decade

Fethullah Gülen’s Vision and the Purpose of Hizmet

In Case You Missed It

The Gulen schools are signposts to a silent transformation in Turkey

The Other Side of the Ocean – What Happened in Pennsylvania?

A Permanent Kimse Yok Mu Mission to Be Launched in Jerusalem

Erdogan: A Classic Case Of How Power Corrupts

Turkish PM Davutoglu baselessly claims Hizmet works with PKK

Zaman Editor-in-Chief: Turkish government no longer democratic

Parents criticize gov’t-led police raids on educational institutions

Copyright 2026 Hizmet News