Erdoğan’s abstract enemies: parallel organization and superior mind

Prof. Mumtazer Turkone
Prof. Mumtazer Turkone


Date posted: January 5, 2015

Totalitarian regimes rely on their ability to manufacture enemies. In his New Year message, President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan referred to a host of “external enemies” and “traitors.” The ruling party characterizes these traitors as the “parallel organization” and “superior mind.” The phrases “parallel state” and “Pennsylvania organization” are used synonymously with the “parallel organization” as well. These phrases offer a comforting luxury. As they are abstract characterizations and no one takes any offense from them, they give Erdoğan and the media outlets at his disposal the opportunity to shadow box.

These concepts are extremely abstract. There is no judicial investigation in which these concepts are used. These vague and abstract concepts are used solely with the intention of spreading pro-government propaganda and intimidating the opposition. This propaganda has grown utterly ridiculous at times. Recently, the pro-government Sabah daily accused the parallel organization of causing meat prices to rise. The news report that claimed that the concept of the “parallel organization” was added to the Red Book — a national security document in which major threats against the nation are listed — during the last meeting of the National Security Council (MGK) had propagated another myth conjured up based on this abstract accusation.

The Sabah and Habertürk dailies reported it with conflicting information that apparently came from the same source. This indicates that they are being made a tool in the ruling party’s propaganda.

The second term used in conjunction with the phrase “parallel organization” is “superior mind,” which refers to a more powerful and more inclusive enemy. Anyone who opposes to the ruling Justice and Development Party (AK Party) has a role in this superior mind. Thus, Erdoğan places Israel, which he refers to as “our southern neighbor,” as well as Turkey’s leading businessmen into this category.

The trials for Ergenekon — a clandestine organization nested within the state trying to overthrow or manipulate the democratically elected government– and Balyoz (Sledgehammer) — a suspected coup plot believed to have been devised in 2003 with the aim of unseating the AK Party government through violent acts — was the work of these enemies. In this way, Erdoğan has found new allies. And he can ward off the graft and bribery investigations that went public on Dec. 17 and 25, 2013 as the parallel organization’s attempted coup against his government. He believes he can be exonerated with this defense.

Like the Soviet propaganda of the Cold War era, these abstract, vague and obscure enemies are used to cover up the ruling party’s corrupt practices and errors. A comparison between what Erdoğan said about the Ergenekon and Balyoz trials in the past and what he is currently saying about them reveals who has changed and to what extent and who is trying to ally with whom. The totalitarian state in George Orwell’s dystopian novel, “1984,” which uses the propaganda machinery to attack old friends and befriend old enemies, is alive in Turkey.

Given this picture, one can understand why the ruling party is desperately trying to silence the Zaman daily and the Samanyolu TV network, which can neutralize the state-backed propaganda machine effectively. The only force that can render ineffective the baseless or unfounded propaganda of the totalitarian state is the free press. Those who have been making the media outlets at their disposal run all sorts of news reports about the so-called parallel organization for about one year were ultimately only able to find a script of a soap opera and two news reports to prove the existence of this organization. The attacks on the free press have demonstrated that the “parallel organization” propaganda is actually unfounded.

The path Erdoğan is walking on is getting narrower. Erdoğan represents four errors in the four critical issues for Turkey: a preference for the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) over the European Union, the parasitic contracting sector that clings like a leech to the country’s economy, the tactical distractions regarding the Kurdish issue and the increased unlawfulness that seeks to cover up corruption.

For veiling such gross errors, he needs to secure a strong media backing and silence critical media. Furthermore, he needs enemies. The abstract and fuzzy enemies like the parallel organization and the superior mind can no longer fit to this role.

Source: Today's Zaman , January 04, 2015


Related News

Child victims to be affected by smear campaign against KYM

The smear campaign conducted by the Justice and Development Party (AK Party) government against Kimse Yok Mu (Is Anybody There) — a charity run by the Hizmet movement inspired by prominent Turkish scholar Fethullah Gülen — will affect the children, including victims of sexual assault, staying in the Women’s Shelter of Tacloban City in the Philippines.

CSOs continue to condemn hate speech against Hizmet movement

More civil society organizations from various parts of Turkey held press conferences on Friday to slam hate speech used by the Justice and Development Party (AK Party) government against the Hizmet movement, saying that top government officials should refrain from using hateful rhetoric.

33rd Abant Platform: whither Turkey?

In his speech at the opening of the first session, Prof. Seyfettin Yuksel said: “If it had been said a few years ago that we would be discussing ‘Turkey’s direction’ in the coming years, none of us would have believed it. We were sure about Turkey’s direction.” Unfortunately, nowadays Turkey’s direction is seen as uncertain, and the country has strayed not only from its foreign policy but also from democratic norms and the rule of law in its domestic policies. Here are my notes from the conference.

Beating ‘domestic enemies’ in the game of ‘advanced’ democracy

The writers, intellectuals and the journalists close to the Hizmet movement have, from the very beginning, called on the government to take legal steps against those whom he constantly labels the “parallel state” so that they could also know who they are.

Silencing Taraf daily

The liberal Taraf daily, where I write a column, is one of the few independent newspapers in this country. Those who don’t know the Turkish media well need to know that media outlets are largely owned by private holdings which have close ties to the government. Thus, Turkish newspapers need to consider whether their reporting would harm their bosses’ business connections with the government.

Local NGOs urge Georgian gov’t to avoid returning Turkish teacher back home

Eight non-governmental organizations have called on the Georgian government to refrain from returning detained Turkish teacher to back home where “he will be possibly subjected to political persecution, torture, inhuman and degrading treatment or punishment. “[He] will have no access to fair trial,” said a statement, released on May 31.

Latest News

Turkish inmate jailed over alleged Gülen links dies of heart attack in prison

Message of Condemnation and Condolences for Mass Shooting at Bondi Beach, Sydney

Media executive Hidayet Karaca marks 11th year in prison over alleged links to Gülen movement

ECtHR faults Turkey for convictions of 2,420 applicants over Gülen links in follow-up to 2023 judgment

New Book Exposes Erdoğan’s “Civil Death Project” Targeting the Hizmet Movement

European Human Rights Treaty Faces Legal And Political Tests

ECtHR rejects Turkey’s appeal, clearing path for retrials in Gülen-linked cases

Erdoğan’s Civil Death Project’ : The ‘politicide’ spanning more than a decade

Fethullah Gülen’s Vision and the Purpose of Hizmet

In Case You Missed It

Fethullah Gülen calls on Muslims in the US to pray against Sandy

Gov’t keeps purging, dozens of police officials across Turkey have been removed

Brookings: Takvim’s news on Hizmet movement incorrect, totally ignorant

Turkish delegation visits Crimea Simferopol International School

When nations spy on their nationals on foreign soil

U.S. would look weak, and be weak, if they sent Muslim cleric back to Turkey

Erdogan’s endless legitimacy crisis

Copyright 2026 Hizmet News